采用阴极恒电流沉积方法,以Zn(NO3)2水溶液为电沉积液,在经电化学预处理后的ITO导电玻璃上生长了具有c轴高度择优取向、均匀致密的透明ZnO薄膜.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和光学透过谱等技术,对不同沉积时间条件下薄膜的结晶特性、表面和断面结构、光学性质等进行了研究.结果表明,沉积时间对ZnO薄膜质量影响明显:在薄膜生长后期(120min),ZnO薄膜的结晶性和表面平整度明显降低,晶粒尺寸增大,可见光透过率下降,表明高质量ZnO薄膜的电化学沉积有一最佳生长时间;此外,薄膜厚度随时间呈线性变化,表明可通过生长时间实现对ZnO薄膜厚度的精确控制.
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