以新型的纳米氢氧化镁粉体为分散相研究对象,通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、Payne效应等考察了其在丁腈橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、丁苯橡胶、硅橡胶中的分散相态和网络结构.结果表明,基体的粘度和表面能对纳米粉体最终的分散状态和网络结构有至关重要的影响.基体的粘度和表面能越高(NBR、EPDM),纳米粉体分散越精细,越容易形成柔性的网络结构,高分子参与比重很大;而在很低粘度和表面能的基体中(硅橡胶),纳米粉体以孤立的大聚集体形式存在,在低填充量下,不能形成网络结构,但在高填充量时,反而由大聚集体直接连成刚性很高的网络结构,高分子参与网络结构形成的程度小.传统的模型不能全面地考虑各种主要因素对粉体聚集体所受外力的影响,本文中提出了一个修正的模型来引入表面能因素的影响.
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