用乳液共混插层法制备了聚邻苯二胺/蒙脱土纳米复合材料微粒,通过IR、XRD及TEM对其结构进行了表征.结果发现,邻苯二胺插入蒙脱土层间聚合后,导致蒙脱土片层之间的剥离,形成纳米复合材料.将其分散在甲基硅油中(体积分数,22%)配制成无水电流变液,该复合材料表现出较大的协同效应,具有较好的电流变行为.实验结果表明在外加电场下,其电流变效应比聚邻苯二胺、蒙脱土均有显著提高.在3 kV/mm(DC,74.5 s-1)时,剪切强度达8.27 kPa;同时抗沉降性极好,静置60 d沉淀率小于3%.介电性能测试表明,聚邻苯二胺/蒙脱土纳米颗粒的介电常数和介电损耗较蒙脱土和聚邻苯二胺均有一定提高,电导率也达到了最佳范围.
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