系统地研究了炭黑(CB)/热塑性硫化胶(TPV)(三乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯类型)复合材料的导电性能,发现CB/TPV复合材料具有独特的电学性能.交联的橡胶相的存在对导电炭黑粒子既产生排斥效应,又产生阻隔效应.前者对导电网络的形成有利,而后者正相反.在低橡胶相含量时,随橡胶相含量增加,复合材料电阻呈下降趋势;而高橡胶含量时,随橡胶相含量增加,复合材料的电阻升高.高橡胶含量时,复合材料电阻的逾渗效应明显减弱.复合材料在熔融状态下热处理时,其电阻-时间效应明显依赖于模具压力.同样热处理时间下,压力越高,电阻越大.压力达到一定值后,体系的电阻基本不受热处理时间的影响.初步认为这是由于热处理完毕释压后,变形的弹性粒子发生形变恢复从而对热处理形成的聚集网络有一定的破坏作用所致.自由升温实验表明:CB/TPV复合材料具有NTC现象,即使在结晶熔化区也未展示PTC行为,这与橡胶粒子的热膨胀排斥效应有关.在熔融态停留阶段电阻的稳定性很好,这主要归因于熔融态下炭黑粒子聚集(对电导有利)和橡胶相粒子聚集(对电阻有利)相互竞争的结果.
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