采用石墨、炭纤维填充改善热塑性聚酰亚胺(TPI)材料的导热性能,研究了填料物性对材料力学性能和导热行为的影响.在此基础上,用Nielsen理论模型和有限元方法模拟了复合材料的导热行为,进一步探讨了填料形状对材料导热系数的影响.研究表明:炭纤维、石墨填充TPI均能提高复合材料的导热性能;用Nielsen理论模型预测石墨、炭纤维填充TPI材料导热系数与实验值存在一定偏差;采用有限元法模拟二维复合材料稳态导技热行为,能有效地预测复合材料的导热系数.基于材料内部热流分布模拟分析发现,填料自身导热性能对复合材料导热行为的影响不明显;与圆形填料相比,方形填料改善材料导热性能效果显著.
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