运用热传导和热-力耦合的相关理论,借助统计分布来考虑陶瓷中存在的微孔洞和微裂隙;建立了一种可以模拟陶瓷遭受热冲击作用下的裂纹萌生、扩展过程的数值模拟方法,并通过材料破坏过程分析系统(RFPA,Realistic Failure Process Analysis)加以实施.该数值方法基于细观非均匀性假设,突破了以往连续介质力学视陶瓷为均匀介质的假设,并从细观损伤角度考虑陶瓷热冲击破坏演化的过程.运用该方法对三面绝热、一面受热冲击的平板状陶瓷材料的破裂过程进行了数值试验.结果表明:起始裂纹发端于受热冲击表面,且在初始的裂纹萌生阶段,在受热冲击表面产生一系列无序的裂纹;但随着时间的延续,裂纹逐渐演变成多条近乎平行的、沿受冲击表面内法向方向扩展的主裂纹,其中一些裂纹的发展受到了屏蔽,这一结果与试验结果吻合较好.本数值方法为相关研究提供了新的思路.
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