对3种炭纤维增强树脂基复合材料(T300/NY9200Z、T300/QY8911和T700S/5228)层合板进行了落锤冲击实验,并对冲击后试样进行了冲击后压缩性能测试.通过对凹坑深度-单位厚度冲击能量(d-e)曲线,损伤面积一凹坑深度(S-d)曲线和冲击后压缩破坏应变一凹坑深度(ε-d)曲线的对比分析,讨论了这3种复合材料层合板的低速冲击性能(即损伤阻抗和损伤容限).利用热揭层技术对拐点前后的复合材料损伤状态进行了观察,对损伤机制进行了讨论.实验结果表明,在3种材料的d-e曲线,S-d曲线和ε-d曲线上均存在对应的拐点,该拐点同时也是不同损伤形式的转变点.凹坑深度在小于拐点时,损伤形式以基体裂纹和分层损伤为主,凹坑深度大于拐点时,分层损伤基本不再扩展,损伤的发展主要以纤维断裂的扩展为主.
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