采用硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)作为无机前聚物,纤维素为有机组分,利用溶胶-凝胶法在非均相乙醇溶液中制备了纳米SiO2/纤维素复合材料.通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电镜(TEM)和热重分析(TGA)对复合材料的形貌、结构以及热稳定性进行表征.讨论了SiO2含量对材料力学性能的影响.研究了主要因素碱催化剂氨水对纤维素与SiO2复合效果的影响.结果表明,纳米复合材料的弹性模量、拉伸强度随SiO2含量的增加先增加后减少,质量分数分别为3.1%、10.6%时弹性模量、拉伸强度达到最大.氨水加入量为3.70×10-4 mol/L时,纤维素与SiO2的复合效果最佳.非均相制备的纳米SiO2/纤维素复合材料同样也明显提高了纤维素材料的疏水性、热稳定性和力学性能.
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