根据Schelkunoff的多层电磁屏蔽理论,分析了双层和3层屏蔽材料的综合屏蔽特性,提出了一种简单有效的三明治型夹层结构材料设计方案.制备出金属箔、涂料两种三明治型层状电磁屏蔽材料.通过理论计算、样品的综合屏蔽性能测试和SEM微观组织观察,讨论了三明治型材料设计方案的正确性与材料的性能.结果表明,三明治型电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽效能增量(△SE)随电磁波频率的增加而增大,可以实现结构优化;金属箔三明治型电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽效能增量与理论计算结果相符合;涂料三明治型电磁屏蔽材料的SE值比普通型高,当入射电磁波的频率为1 GHz时,三明治型比普通型高18 dB.
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