用挤压铸造法制备了三维网络SiC/Cu金属基复合材料,研究了铸造压力、网络SiC骨架预热温度、浇注温度等工艺条件对复合材料凝固显微组织的影响.结果表明,三维网络SiC陶瓷骨架在晶体生长和结晶过程中有重要作用,在一定条件下在网孔内可形成垂直于骨架表面的枝晶网络,或形成粒度细小且分布均匀的等轴晶组织;骨架的孔径对显微组织的影响也很大,细小的孔径有利于晶粒细化和组织均匀化,粗大的孔径助长宏观偏析和铅的偏聚.骨架减轻了复合材料中锡的反常偏析,使锡的偏析主要发生在骨架表面附近的微小区域,从而避免了在铸件表层的集中偏析.
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