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利用差示扫描量热分析法结合焊点回流过程,研究了无Pb钎料Sn-3.5Ag与Cu基底构成的Sn-3.5Ag/Cu体系模拟焊点中早期界面反应及焊点形成过程中钎料熔化和凝固特性.结果表明,加热过程中Cu向钎料合金侧的固态原子扩散导致界面生成低熔点Sn-Ag-Cu三元合金,使焊点界面在低于Sn-3.5Ag钎料熔点温度近4℃时即开始熔化;早期界面反应促使润湿过程提早发生并生成了一定厚度的扇贝状Cu-Sn型金属间化合物(IMC),原体系转变为Sn-Ag-Cu/Cu体系;转变后的焊点体系在IMC的非均匀形核作用下具有较低的过冷度.

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