建立了钛合金空心整体结构成形过程的三维有限元模型. 采用刚黏塑性本构关系, 基于Marc有限元程序, 分析了工艺参数对成形的影响. 研究表明, 扭转速度的提高使扭矩仅有较小的变化; 当模具速度和应变速率提高时, 热成形的成形力和超塑性成形的气压将提高. 随成形温度降低, 成形力显著提高, 当温度高于900℃时, 扭转成形的扭矩、热成形的成形力和超塑性成形的气体压力随温度的变化均不明显. 在有限元分析的基础上, 选取合适的工艺参数制备了钛合金空心整体结构模拟件,成形后的钛合金空心整体结构件面板厚度的实测值和模拟计算值具有相同的变化趋势, 两者吻合良好.
A three dimensional finite element model (FEM) was established to simulate the forming process of titanium alloy hollow monolithic structure. The influence of process parameters on this process was analyzed by finite element method code MSC.Marc in which a rigid–viscoplatic constitutive equation was implemented. The results demonstrated that with the increase of twisting velocity, the torque on the hollow structure changes indistinctively. In case of increasing die velocity and target strain rate, the forming force of hot forming and gas pressure of superplastic forming will increase. On the contrary, along with the increasing of temperature, the forming force decreased. In case of temperature above 900 ℃, the influence of temperature on the forming force and gas pressure was weaken. Based n FEM, at the conditions oprocess paramtrs, like torsions speed of 4.376×10−3 rad/s, hot forming die velocity of 2.12×10−1 mm/starget strain rate o1.0×10−3 s−1, as well as at the temperature of 925 ℃, a simulacrum f hollow mnolithic structure ftitanium alloy was prepared, the thickness distribution of the ace sheet of the obtained part was in good agreement with the simulated results.
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