采用液态金属冷却(LMC)定向凝固结合液淬法,在温度梯度(G)为250 K/cm,凝固速率(V)为2-400 μm/s的条件下系统研究了镍基高温合金DZ125的固/液界面形态、胞/枝晶间距及MC碳化物形态.随着V的增大,界面形态经历了浅胞状→深胞状→粗枝晶→细枝晶的转变.一次胞晶间距随着V的增大而增大,当V=5 μm/s时,固/液界面达到胞-枝转变点,且一次枝晶间距达到最大值.当V≥10 μm/s时,一次枝晶间距和二次枝晶间距随着V的增大而减小.MC碳化物生长形态随着V的增大由胞-枝转变点的八面体依次向骨架状、汉字体状、细小枝晶转变.分析表明,一次枝晶间距与Trivedi模型和Ma模型吻合较好,同时,低速下(V≤50 μm/s)一次枝晶间距与Hunt-Lu模型吻合得很好,但高速时发生了明显的偏差.通过非线性拟合得到一次枝晶间距和二次枝晶间距与V分别满足λ1=314.6V-0.24±0 02和λ2=97.76V-0.33±0.01.MC碳化物在凝固中后期由液相析出,其形态主要受到固/液界面形态和V的影响.
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