为了利用NbC的高硬度和高热稳定性,并避免其在凝固过程中的过分长大,采用喷射成形快速凝固技术制备了M3型高速钢和以Nb代V的M3型高速钢.利用SEM,EDX和XRD等方法研究了Nb对喷射成形M3型高速钢沉积态组织的影响;利用SRV高温摩擦磨损试验机和三维白光干涉表面形貌仪研究了Nb对喷射成形M3型高速钢摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明,用等原子分数的Nb替代V,可大幅增加沉积态中一次MC型碳化物,减少一次M2C型碳化物,同时由于喷射成形高冷速的作用,使得MC碳化物尺寸减小,分布更弥散;这些MC型碳化物的存在是M3型高速钢的抗磨粒磨损性能提高的主要原因,但其对抗氧化性能并无贡献,在高载荷时抗氧化剥落磨损能力增加不明显;Nb对提高M3高速钢回火稳定性也有明显的作用.
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