采用完全淬火+两相区再加热-淬火-分配(IQ&P)热处理工艺对0.23C-1.8Mn-1.35Si钢进行处理,获得了具有亚温铁素体、马氏体以及广泛分布于原奥氏体晶界、相界等处的残余奥氏体等构成的多相组织.利用SEM,XRD以及EBSD等对不同热处理阶段钢的微观组织进行了表征.结果证实,该多相组织低合金钢中残余奥氏体的获得主要依赖于以下两点:一是两相区再加热阶段逆转变奥氏体组织中的富Mn富C,二是淬火-分配阶段残留奥氏体在分配过程中的二次富C,通过上述的两步元素富集处理可以使该低碳钢在室温下获得超过10％含量的残余奥氏体,而残留奥氏体在分配过程中的二次富C则对该类钢中残余奥氏体的形成及其在室温下的稳定化起到了至关重要的作用.由于广为分布的残余奥氏体在形变过程中的TRIP效应,使得该类钢种在拉伸变形过程中获得了持续的加工硬化能力,从而实现了强度与塑性的良好结合.测试结果表明,IQ&P钢的强塑积超过了26 GPa.％,屈服强度大于600 MPa,抗拉强度超过900 MPa,均匀延伸在16％以上,常温半厚冲击韧性达到了39 J.
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