在超声波振荡环境下,用双脉冲电源在Watt-Ni电解液体系中电沉积了纳米晶Ni-CeO2复合镀层,采用E-SEM,TEM和XRD对镀层的形貌,微观结构及相组成进行分析；通过循环氧化增重曲线和DSC曲线,比较研究了纯Ni镀层和Ni-CeO2复合镀层的高温抗氧化性能与热稳定性.结果表明,超声波振荡能有效抑制纳米颗粒在镀液中的团聚；添加20 g/L CeO2,可使Ni晶粒细化；在873 K空气中退火处理2h,复合镀层中的CeO2沿裂纹扩展间隙处析出并形成含有稀土元素的弥散相,可起到钉扎晶界和阻止热裂纹萌生的作用,晶界作为Ni的快速扩散通道,促进稀土弥散相沿晶界析出并形成连续的致密氧化膜,能有技抑制O与Ni原子在氧化膜中互扩散,从而降低镀层的氧化速率.通过测定不同升温速率下镀层DSC曲线的吸热峰对应温度,由Kissinger方程求得Ni-CeO2复合镀层中Ni晶粒长大的表观活化能为243.3 kJ/mol,明显高于纯Ni的晶粒长大表观活化能(159.2 kJ/mol),吸热峰对应温度也较纯Ni镀层提高约130 K,因此Ni-CeO2复合镀层具有更高的热稳定性.
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