研究了SUS304不锈钢薄板光纤激光焊接时激光功率、焊接速度、保护气对焊道驼峰倾向的影响规律,利用Ti示踪元素和CCD图像,考察了熔池的流动状态.结果表明,焊道驼峰倾向对激光功率不敏感；当焊接速度超过18 m/min时,焊缝出现驼峰现象,且驼峰倾向随着焊接速度的提高而增大；当焊接速度和功率一定时,不同保护气流方向的焊缝驼峰倾向有明显差异,与焊接方向同向吹送保护气有助于降低驼峰倾向.分析认为,焊接速度的提高使熔池流动更加剧烈,进而增加了驼峰倾向；与焊接方向反向吹送保护气体,焊缝几何形状呈“柱状”,与焊接方向同向吹送保护气体,焊缝的几何形状呈“杯状”,“杯状”焊缝增加了U形区域的截面积,降低了熔池流动的剧烈程度,进而降低了驼峰倾向.通过调整保护气流方向改变焊缝的几何形状以增加U形区域的截面积,是降低驼峰倾向的可行途径.
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