根据已有的实验结果提出了Al-Mg-Si系合金均匀化过程中片层状β-A1FeSi相向球形α-Al(FeMn)Si相转变过程模型图,并据此采用稳态扩散理论对其转变动力学过程以及555℃不同时间相转变过程等进行了系统深入的研究.结果表明,均匀化温度T对β→α相转变的动力学影响很显著,温度越高,转变速率越快;而α相原始核心的大小只略微影响β相溶穿时间;Q相核心间距l主要影响转变过程中β相的边界溶解阶段;β相的厚度对β→α相转变过程的影响最大,特别是溶穿阶段,随着厚度的增加,转变过程由β相边界溶解为主导的方式向由β相溶穿为主导的方式发生转变;当β相厚度分别为0.1,0.2和0.3 μm时,理论预测发生熔断所需均匀化时间分别大于5,10和15 h,这与实际的实验结果非常吻合.此外,β相厚度小于0.3 μm时,经16-24 h很容易达到转化率f(α)≥0.9,因此,除了优化均匀化过程进而更好地控制β→α相转变之外,合金熔铸工艺也应该尽量保证基体内的β相厚度小于0.3 μm.
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