对激光成形修复2Cr13不锈钢热影响区分别进行了单道单层、多道单层、单道多层和多道多层4种形式的修复实验.通过金相观察和硬度测试确定了激光成形修复区域的组织特征,结合热影响区温度场模拟分析了组织形成机理.结果表明:热影响区内微观组织从基材到修复区底部呈现连续性变化,其中,主要相结构经历了α铁索体→α铁索体+少量马氏体→马氏体+少量α铁素体→马氏体的转变,马氏体的出现导致硬度快速上升;同时,原M23C6型碳化物逐渐溶解,直至消失,且晶内碳化物先于晶界碳化物发生溶解;伴随碳化物的溶解逐渐出现δ铁索体;随着趋近修复区底部,δ铁索体逐渐增多、长大并连成骨架;当沉积层数增加后,硬度峰值随之下降,在热影响区中部的部分区域会出现晶粒细化,且热影响区顶部的晶界逐渐开始析出碳化物,同时,δ铁素体骨架逐步被晶界打断.
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