研究了不同温度范围单向拉伸加载方式对奥氏体不锈钢力学性能和组织演变的影响.结果表明,循环加卸载拉伸方式显著影响304不锈钢的力学性能:在高温拉伸变形时,不同加载方式所得到的力学性能相同;在0℃以下,循环加卸载方式导致试样的延伸率降低;而在室温条件下,循环加卸载拉伸能够最大程度地提高试样的强度和延伸率.通过对304不锈钢室温拉伸过程的原位观测证实,卸载过程导致能够有效激发形变诱发马氏体相变的形核和长大,从而使相变增塑效应增强,延迟缩颈及断裂的能力得以提高.
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