基于T91钢传统的“正火+回火”热处理制度,在Thermal-Calc软件热力学计算的辅助下,通过在正火与回火热处理间引入850℃等温处理,设计了2种新的热处理制度.研究了3种不同热处理制度下T91钢中析出相的尺寸及分布规律.与传统“正火+回火”处理制度相比,新设计的热处理制度使得钢中M23C6碳化物的尺寸由350 nm降至250 nm左右,并使MX碳氮化物的数密度有所增加.通过Thermal-Calc模拟计算,M23C6碳化物析出相变的驱动力随着C含量的降低而增加.利用经典晶界形核理论并结合Thermal-Calc计算结果,定量描述了M23C6碳化物形核率与C含量的关系,较好地解释了M23C6碳化物的细化原因.
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