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运用多相场模型模拟了Sn/Cu互连体系中晶界扩散系数DGB及界面初生金属间化合物(IMC)相(η相)与液相Sn(L相)间界面能σηL对界面Cu6Sn5组织演化和生长动力学行为的影响.研究表明,界面IMC层Cu6Sn5晶粒以紧密排列的扇贝状形貌存在,其扇贝状形貌同时受DGB和σηL的竞争性影响.IMC的生长过程由3阶段组成:Cu6Sn5晶粒快速生长铺满Cu基底阶段、Cu6Sn5晶粒转变为扇贝状形貌的过渡阶段以及Cu6Sn5层增厚和晶粒粗化同时进行的正常生长阶段.IMC层厚度随DGB增大而增加,随σηL增大而减小;而Cu6Sn5晶粒的平均横向粒径随DGB增大而减小,随σηL增大而增加.界面Cu6Sn5层厚度和晶粒横向粒径随反应时间呈指数规律变化,采用较大DGB和晶界能σGB=2σηL获得的生长指数符合理想的固/液界面反应的生长过程.

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