通过研究TiAl合金中不同Al含量和不同β相稳定元素含量的变化,分析了Al含量和β相稳定元素对TiAl合金初生相选择与凝固特征的影响.结果表明,单一β相凝固的TiAl基合金含Al量低,结晶温度范围窄,凝固组织均匀细化.采用背散射法(BSE)观察并分析了不同过冷度下铸造TiAl基合金非平衡凝固的枝晶形貌,运用经典竞争形核理论研究了Ti48Al2Cr2Nb(原子分数,％)包晶合金非平衡凝固中β相与α相的形核与过冷度的关系,并计算了Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金深过冷凝固中的β相(bcc)和α相(hcp)的临界形核功及稳态形核率,结果表明,在约15K/s的冷速下,Ti48Al2Cr2Nb合金在所能达到的过冷度(≤370 K)范围内凝固时,β相始终为领先相优先形核.以过包晶凝固的TiAl基合金,其Al含量高,结晶温度范围窄,凝固枝晶细小,趋向逐层凝固,可减少并消除糊状凝固所造成的疏松和热裂趋势.β相稳定元素对凝固路径的影响取决于其Al当量,并可使TiAl合金的凝固路径从过包晶凝固转变为亚包晶凝固；过多的Al含量将导致铸造TiAl合金凝固组织中存在过多γ相,从而影响合金的强度和塑性.
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