利用渗透膜使TiCl4溶液中H+和Cl-慢慢渗透出来而水解得到凝胶, 然后用有机溶剂置换出其中的水分而干燥, 焙烧后即得纳米TiO2. 采用TEM、XRD、氮气吸脱附实验对样品进行了表征和分析. 所得产品颗粒细小、均匀, 比表面积大. 晶体相转变温度高, 700℃焙烧仍然为锐态矿型晶体, 900℃转变为金红石型晶体. 文中还将该法和加热水解法、氨水沉淀法以及钛酸丁酯溶胶-凝胶法进行了比较.
A dialysis membrane was used to make H+ and Cl- dialyze out slowly during the hydrolysis of TiCl4, and then TiO2 gel was obtained. The gel was dried by different methods and then calcined. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area and BJH pore size distribution. For comparison, the hydrolysis of TiCl4 by the methods of heating and adding ammonia, and the hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate by the sol-gel method were researched. The product prepared by the dialysis method has an enormous specific surface area and the crystallites are small and uniform. It has a high phase transform temperature, keeping anatase after calcination at 700℃ and transforming into rutile phase at 900℃.
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