MnSO4与NaClO溶液常压回流反应制备纳米尺寸的拉锰矿,采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和比表面仪等表征产物的晶体结构、微观形貌和比表面积等物理化学性质,探讨了反应温度、时间和盐酸添加量等对产物晶体结构、微观形貌和收率的影响.结果表明,60℃回流反应12 h产物为纳米颗粒,并出现团聚现象,温度升高,颗粒粒径增大;反应体系中添加盐酸,颗粒粒径变小,团聚体减少;在100℃反应体系中添加盐酸,首先形成粒状纳米拉锰矿,在酸性环境中经溶解再沉淀反应转化为针状,添加盐酸其针状形态的均一性增强,且团聚结块趋势减弱.低温加酸有利于形成高比表面积的拉锰矿,可达66.32 m2/g.产物收率随温度升高和盐酸添加量增大表现出先增加后减少的趋势,最佳收率为97.5%.
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