以苯为碳源,在900℃下采用TVD(thermal vapor deposition)法对螺旋结构碳纳米管(Helical carbon nanotubes,HCNTs)进行了包碳修饰,采用XRD、SEM、TEM、BET等检测方法对所制备材料进行了表征分析.包碳后HCNTs的比表面积明显降低.研究了包碳HCNTs用作锂离子电池负极材料的性能,结果显示适量包碳不仅提高了HCNTs的首次库仑效率,而且改善了其循环稳定性和倍率充放电性能.当TVD包碳45 min、HCNTs增重约220 wt%时,首次库仑效率从59.2%提高到77.8%,在1.0C、2.0C、5.0C以及10.0C倍率下的放电比容量分别为265.6、245.7、196.0、163.2 mAh/g,在10.0C下循环95次后放电比容量保持率为93.3%.过多的碳包覆虽然会进一步提高材料的首次库仑效率和循环稳定性,但会导致其倍率性能变差.
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