针对目前常规高温固体氧化物电解池(SOEC)阴极材料水蒸气扩散阻力大、极化能量损失高和稳定性差的不足,本研究采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)造孔剂对SOEC阴极材料进行了微观结构调整和优化,以提高其电解过程制氢性能和耐候性.实验结果表明:采用PMMA造孔剂可以显著降低水蒸气的扩散阻力,提高SOEC的电解效率和制氢性能.当PMMA的添加量为10wt％时,阴极材料的孔隙率高达45％,孔形规整圆形,分布均匀,孔径约为10μm.微观结构改进后,阴极的电导率为6726 S/cm,运行稳定,具有较高的机械强度.当电解温度为850℃,电压1.3V时,与采用淀粉造孔剂的SOEC相比,采用PMMA造孔剂的SOEC在运行过程中水蒸气扩散阻抗降低50％,产氢率提高50％.
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