研究了磁性液体在有、无外加磁场作用时磁性液体中纳米磁性颗粒的微观排列结构,发现无外加磁场作用时磁性颗粒随机均匀分布在载液中,有外加均匀磁场作用时,磁性颗粒沿磁场方向排列成均匀链状结构.当外加均匀磁场强度为11.1 kA/m,TEM照片清晰显示磁性颗粒排列成一条链状结构,随着外加均匀磁场强度逐渐增强到28.6 kA/m,更多磁性颗粒沿磁场方向紧密排列成链状结构.在外加梯度磁场作用下,铁芯中心处磁场强度为28.7 kA/m时,大量磁性颗粒聚集于线圈中心轴附近形成复杂链状团簇结构；沿r轴方向磁场强度较弱的地方,较少磁性颗粒排列成链状结构.当磁场梯度从1.73 kA/m2逐渐增加到5.11 kA/m2时,磁场梯度轴线上的磁性颗粒团簇结构由稀疏逐渐变成为密集.磁场诱导磁性颗粒链状排列结构的研究对磁性液体在机械工程、生物工程、热力工程等领域的应用有重要意义.
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