采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Zn1-xNixO纳米颗粒,以放电等离子烧结成块体.扫描电镜照片发现,Zn1-xNixO颗粒呈300～500 nm厚的片状结构,表面存在大量蜂窝状小孔.由XRD数据可以看出,x≥0.05的样品中存在ZnyNizO杂质相.热电性能分析表明,随着Ni添加量的增加,塞贝克系数的绝对值|S|逐渐减小,而电导率得到大幅度提高.与ZnO块体材料相比,溶胶-凝胶法合成的Zn1-xNixO材料的热导率大幅度降低,在750 K时,Zn1-xNixO的热导率降低至3 W/(m.K),是ZnO (11 W/(m.K))材料的1/3.电导率的增加和热导率的降低导致热电优值大幅度提高.在750 K下,Zn0.925Ni0.025O材料的热电优值达到0.045.
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