以4-硝基苯甲醇与氯金酸的络合物为模板,利用聚合物空腔内胺基捕获NaBH4还原的纳米粒子,设计和制备了一种具有底物识别性能的分子印迹聚合物负载纳米Au催化剂(Au/MIP).运用红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱和扫描电镜等方法对催化剂进行了表征.同时以水为溶剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂,考察了催化剂在取代苯甲醇氧化反应中的催化性能.结果表明,以Au/MIP为催化剂时,4-硝基苯甲醇转化率为75.6％,而以非印迹聚合物负载的纳米Au (Au/NIP)为催化剂时,4-硝基苯甲醇转化率仅为41.5％.以其它取代苯甲醇为底物时,Au/MIP与Au/NIP的催化活性差别不大.这说明Au/MIP催化剂活性与反应底物结构有关,脱除模板剂后它具有与4-硝基苯甲醇相匹配的空腔结构和识别位点,对反应底物表现出专一的识别性,因而提高了催化剂活性.
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