以对二甲氨基苯甲酸、二乙烯三胺和氯化苄为原料,两步法合成了一种新型具有多个潜在吸附中心的季铵盐型咪唑啉缓蚀剂(MIQ),利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对合成的产物进行了表征.通过失重法研究了该缓蚀剂在 6% 盐酸溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀性能.讨论了缓蚀剂用量、温度、时间对缓蚀性能的影响,并研究了其与某些物质复配后的协同作用.结果表明,合成的季铵盐型咪唑啉缓蚀剂在 6%的盐酸腐蚀环境中,用量为0.5%时对碳钢的缓蚀率可达97%以上,缓蚀率随温度的升高和时间的延长而降低.MIQ 与乌洛托品、KSCN以及 KI 等复配后可以显著改善缓蚀剂的缓蚀率.从吸附等温线推测,该缓蚀剂抑制腐蚀的机理是缓蚀剂在碳钢表面吸附成膜,进而有效阻挡了碳钢表面与酸性清洗试剂的接触.
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