以季戊四醇为原料,合成了2,2-二溴甲基-1,3-二溴丙烷( PEBr4),并以此为四官能度引发剂,Cu0粉/三-(2-二甲氨基乙基)胺( Me6-TREN)为催化体系,在离子液体中实现了丙烯酰胺(AM)的单电子转移活性自由基聚合(SET-LRP),得到了窄分子量分布的星形聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),Mw/Mn约为1.26(MnGPC=14.1×103,转化率为43.4％).采用1 H NMR对PAM结构进行表征确认,并采用GPC测定了PAM的分子量及分子量分布；考察了水、单体/催化剂(引发剂)配比对聚合反应的影响.结果表明,少量水的加入能够加快聚合反应,使链增长速率常数由kpapp =0.0424h-1增加至kpapp=0.1486 h-1；催化剂、引发剂用量越大,AM的SET-LRP的聚合反应速率越快,聚合反应的可控性越好,Mn随催化剂用量的增大及引发剂用量的减小而增大,且与理论分子量相近,分子量分布均呈下降趋势.
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