以葡萄糖为原料,经乙酰化、选择性脱C1位乙酰基、转化成三氯乙酰亚胺酯、与受体醇偶联和脱保护5步反应合成了11种不同碳链长度的烷基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷.利用核磁共振、偏光显微镜和热失重分析法对其进行结构表征和性能测试.结果表明,当烷基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷疏水烷基链长n为6～10时,均具有发泡和乳化性能,特别是正壬基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(n=9)具有更加优异的发泡和乳化性能；当烷基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷疏水链的长度n≥7时,均具有热致液晶行为,特别是正十二烷基-βD-吡喃葡萄糖苷(n＝12)和十四烷基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(n=14)能够形成更加稳定的液晶态.
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