采用球磨法将酸功能化碳纳米管(AMWCNTs)与环糊精均匀混合.酸功能化有利于增强碳管和环糊精间的相互作用,从而使二者形成均匀、有效的复合.在N2气保护下碳化并经后续的ZnCl2活化处理,最终获得酸功能化碳纳米管/多孔碳(PC)复合体材料.采用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和拉曼光谱等方法对材料结构进行了表征.结果表明,碳纳米管在多孔碳骨架内均匀分布,并且复合体同时具有较高的比表面积和良好的导电性.循环伏安及恒流充放电等电化学测试表明,由于二者的协同作用及碳纳米管在多孔碳骨架内均匀、有效的复合,材料具有较好的电化学储能性能和良好的电化学稳定性.电流密度为0.5 A/g时,AMWCNTs/PC-12-4(其中12代表β-环糊精和AMWCNTs的质量比,4代表酸化碳纳米管/β-环糊精碳与氯化锌的质量比)复合材料的质量比电容为156 F/g,远远高于AMWCNTs(43 F/g)和PC-4(87 F/g).经5000次循环后,电极比电容无明显衰减,而且每次恒流充放电的库仑效率均大于99.9％,说明复合材料具有良好的稳定性,是非常有前景的超级电容器电极材料.
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