以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAm)和双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)为原料,采用可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)可控聚合反应法合成了两亲性两嵌段共聚物-聚(异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(双丙酮丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAm-b-PDAAM),用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1H NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对其结构和组成进行了表征.这种共聚物在水溶液中能够自组装成稳定的聚合物胶束,通过荧光探针测得其低临界胶束浓度(CMC)约为7.0 mg/L.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和动态激光光散射(DLS)测得,PNIPAm-b-PDAAM在水溶液中自组装成核壳结构的球形胶束,SEM测得其直径约150 nm,且分散性良好.以其聚合物胶束为载体、叶酸(FA)为模型药物,模拟人体生理环境进行药物体外释放,结果表明,叶酸的负载量及负载率分别为25％和74％.在人体温度37℃、pH值分别为4.0、6.86、9.18磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS)中,FA在20 h内的释放均比25℃快,释放速率随pH值增加而增大,最大累积释放率分别为31％、67％和72％.
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