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利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱( UPLC- Q-TOF-MS)技术建立了牛奶中42种农药和兽药残留的快速检测方法.目标药物包括常用的13种农药和29种兽药,采用QuEChERS( Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Rugged,and Safe)方法进行样品前处理.牛奶样品经含1%甲酸的乙腈溶液提取,同时加入无水硫酸钠和氯化钾盐析,提取液经C18填料净化后直接测定.目标药物经ACQUITY UPLCTMBEH C18柱分离,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用正离子全信息串联质谱扫描模式(MSE)进行检测.结果表明,牛奶中42种农药和兽药的定量限( LOQ,S/N == 10)为1~100 μg/kg;3个加标水平的平均回收率为68.2%~129.1%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~30.8%.该方法快速简便、灵敏度较高,可用于牛奶中42种农兽药的快速筛查.

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