离子液体作为新型离子化试剂，具有诸多优越的物理化学性质，比如：良好的溶解性、导电性、热稳定性、生物相容性及低蒸气压和不易燃等特点，近年来在分析化学领域得到广泛关注。聚离子液体材料结合了离子液体和聚合物的双重性质，已经成为分离科学研究的前沿领域。本文详细讨论了离子液体与目标物之间的多种作用机制，比如亲／疏水作用、氢键作用、离子交换、π-π堆积及静电吸附作用等等，总结了聚离子液体材料在固相萃取、液相色谱、气相色谱、毛细管电泳及毛细管电色谱等领域的研究进展；最后，对聚离子液体材料的发展前景进行了展望。
Ionic liquids,as novel ionization reagents,possess beneficial characteristics inclu-ding good solubility,conductivity,thermal stability,biocompatibility,low volatility and non-flammability. Ionic liquids are attracting a mass of attention of analytical chemists. Poly( ionic liquid)materials have common performances of ionic liquids and polymers,and have been suc-cessfully applied in separation science area. In this paper,we discuss the interaction mecha-nisms between the poly( ionic liquid)materials and analytes including hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions,hydrogen bond,ion exchange,π-π stacking and electrostatic interactions,and summarize the application advances of the poly( ionic liquid) materials in solid phase extraction,chromatographic separation and capillary electrophoresis. At last,we describe the future prospect of poly( ionic liquid)materials.
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