核苷、胺、氨基酸等极性小分子化合物是生物、食品、环境等领域重要的研究对象，但各种复杂基体中痕量极性小分子的分离分析需要高效的前处理介质和技术以及快速灵敏的分析方法。本文综述了硅胶材料、有机聚合物、炭材料和硼酸材料等样品前处理分离介质及反相液相色谱、亲水作用色谱等分析方法在复杂样品痕量极性小分子化合物分析中的应用，并展望了其发展趋势。
Small polar molecules such as nucleosides, amines, amino acids are important ana?lytes in biological, food, environmental, and other fields. It is necessary to develop efficient sample preparation and sensitive analytical methods for rapid analysis of these polar small mol?ecules in complex matrices. Some typical materials in sample preparation, including silica, pol?ymer, carbon, boric acid and so on, are introduced in this paper. Meanwhile, the applications and developments of analytical methods of polar small molecules, such as reversed?phase liquid chromatography, hydrophilic interaction chromatography, etc., are also reviewed.
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