电脱氧法电解效率主要影响因素的研究进展

稀有金属, 2011, 35(2): 301-307. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7076.2011.02.026

电脱氧法电解效率主要影响因素的研究进展

李泽全 ^1, , 茹黎月 ^2, , 白晨光 ^3, , 张娜 ^4, , 王海华 ^5,

1.重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆,400030;重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆,400030

2.重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆,400030

3.重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆,400030

4.重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆,400030

5.重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆,400030

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费项目(CDJXS11221172) 国家科技部"863计划"资助项目(2003AA33X210)

关键词：电解效率 , 导电性 , 扩散 , 电势

Progress in Main Influence Factors for Electrolysis Efficiency of Electro-Deoxidation

熔盐电脱氧工艺是直接电解还原金属氧化物制备金属或合金的方法,以其工艺简单、环境友好、易于调控等优点广泛应用于金属及合金的制备,但该工艺目前存在电解效率低等间题.影响该方法电解效率的主要因素有:氧化物阴极导电性、o2--扩散、阴极电势、阳极材料.阴极导电性主要受氧空穴的形成,阴极晶型结构的影响,增加阴极氧空穴及有效控制晶型转变有利于增加阴极导电性,从而提高电解效率;o2--扩散影响电解反应速率,增加阴极表面积及合理选择熔盐组分可促进O2--扩散,促进电解脱氧;阴极电势和阳极材料影响阴极有效脱氧,合理控制阴极电势、选择过电位小,性质德定的阳极材料均有利于提高电解效率.并展望了今后的研究中重点关注通过改进阴极.改进电解装置等提高电脱氧效率.

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