工业生产中,为生产出合格的钛渣必须加入适量的碳作为还原剂,将高价氧化物还原为低价氧化物.云南某公司30 MVA大型密闭直漉电弧炉(DC炉)生产运行过程中,通过控制无烟煤用量与钛精矿用量之比——配碳比(ratio of anthracite to ilmenite,简称AIR),使生产在输入能量一定、钛精矿成分稳定的条件下力求获得良好的产品品质.生产通过中空石墨电极将钛精矿和无烟煤加入DC炉内,熔炼温度控制为1973 ～2023 K；熔炼输入功率为15 MVA;入炉钛精矿粒度为0.1～0.33 mm;入炉无烟煤粒径为5～25mm的比例大于85％.理论上熔炼还原1t钛精矿,将会产出526 kg渣和368 kg金属铁,O/I比率约为89.4％,理论配碳比约为7.895％.通过生产物料衡算得出,一定熔炼周期内的AIR平均值为12.228％,O/I比率平均值为81.317％.在配碳量不足的情况下,钛精矿中的FeO易于离解出氧并与碳结合,使FeO还原反应优先于TiO2等氧化物,碳最大可能的消耗在FeO的还原上；配碳量越高,则碳将用于还原难还原的氧化物(如MgO,CaO),MnO等)上,使FeO的还原受到抑制.配碳比还会影响DC电炉熔渣流动性和挂渣层.试生产熔炼周期内,通过调整AIR,实现了钛渣中TiO2品质的提高,其含量可从82％提高到89％以上.
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