针对我国自主研制的新型Al-12.7 Si-0.7Mg合金挤压型材,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及其附带的能谱分析仪以及拉伸实验研究了固溶温度对铝基体晶粒、合金相粒子尺寸、形状及数量以及挤压材力学性能的影响规律,结果表明:Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金挤压材基体中存在大量尺寸极其细小的点状Mg2Si相及大量微米级共晶Si粒子和少量微米级AlFeSi过剩结晶相；固溶温度从440℃升高至540℃,尺寸极其细小的点状Mg2 Si相逐渐回溶入基体消失,微米级共晶Si颗粒及含AlFeSi的过剩结晶相粒子形状趋于球化,而铝基体晶粒呈现出略有长大的趋势,且共晶硅颗粒具有较明显的细化铝基体晶粒的作用；合金挤压材的强度及延伸率随固溶温度升高分别呈现出单调增大及总体下降的趋势；新型Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金挤压材比较适宜的固溶温度为520℃,合金挤压材经最佳固溶温度固溶水淬再经170℃×2.5 h时效处理后的Rp0.2≥279 MPa,Rm≥330 MPa,A≥9.9％.
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