本文简单叙述了决定介观体系尺寸的退相位长度的物理含义，以及目前在介观和低维体系中值得关注的几个物理问题.从近期的发展看，退相位时间的低温饱和，二维电子系统的金属-绝缘体相变，正常金属/超导介观体系，准一维体系和分数量子化霍尔效应体系，以及单电子器件及其相关物理问题的研究是应该注意的重要方面.
The meaning of dephasing length, which determines the size of a mesoscopic syste m, and several important topics in the physics of mesoscopic and low-dimensional systems are described. According to recent development, the saturated electron dephasing time, metal-insulator transition in two-dimensional electron systems, mesoscopic N/S systems, quasi-one-dimensional systems, fractional quantum Hall effect systems, single electron devices and the related physics should be paid a good deal attention to.
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