采用一种新的Mg扩散方法,在常压下成功制备出致密的MgB2超导块材,样品密度最高达1.95 g/cm3,并得到了最佳的热处理条件.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)和超导量子干涉仪(MPMS)分别对样品的物相,微观结构和超导性能进行了表征.结果表明:纯的MgB2在5×10-3 T的外场下,起始超导转变温度(Tc)为38.1 K,转变宽度仅0.9 K;10 K自场下临界电流密度(Jc)值达0.53 MA/cm2.此外,纳米Pr6O11或C掺杂能显著改善MgB2的实用化性能,其中15at.%C掺杂的MgB2(MgB1.85C0.15)在10 K,6 T下,Jc高达104 A/cm2.
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