采用空气加压渗流工艺制备了孔直径为0.8～1.4 mm、孔体积分数高达76%的宏观孔开孔泡沫铝材料,采用多功能内耗仪测试了泡沫铝在不同温度、不同频率和不同振幅下的内耗谱特征,研究了泡沫铝的阻尼性能,分析了其阻尼机制.结果表明:泡沫铝主要有三种阻尼机制,一是孔周围的应力集中和模式转换,二是孔洞/金属基体界面处由于动力学模量相差很大而使机械能转化为热能,三是孔洞发生不均匀的膨胀或畸变使外加应变能耗散为热能.
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