大气腐蚀受自然环境影响因素很多.通过暴露试验,对09CuPTiRE等8种低合金钢和普通碳钢(A3钢)在宜昌、三斗坪、秭归3个试验点进行了大气腐蚀试验,获得了1,2,5 a的腐蚀数据.采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和电子探针分别进行了锈层形貌观察、结构分析及锈层内合金元素分布的测试,采用电化学腐蚀测试仪对锈层进行了阳极极化曲线测定.结果表明:试样在宜昌站的平均腐蚀速率(16.9～23.9 μm/a)是三斗坪站(9.4～14.6 μm/a)的1.5倍左右;耐蚀性最好是09CuPTiRE钢,暴露5 a后其相对耐蚀性在三斗坪约为A3钢的1.54倍,在宜昌约为A3钢的1.41倍.锈层的物理分析及阳极极化曲线的测定验证了暴露试验结果.
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