12%Cr耐热合金钢X20CrMoV12.1是热电厂主蒸汽管线等重要部件用材.该质材的主蒸汽管道经23年长期高温负荷运行后,性能明显退化,常温下呈脆性.实验显示服役后材料的脆化是可逆的,属于逆回火脆现象.运用TEM和AES等对显微组织结构的研究显示,有害元素P在晶界的偏聚和晶界碳化物的粗化是材料性能退化和致脆的原因.
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