铝合金焊接接头存在着力学性能不均匀性,准确测定出不同区域的局部力学性能,对评定整体接头性能和改善焊接工艺是十分必要的.研究了一种双孔微剪切测定局部材料本构性能的新方法.在被测材料的小区域两侧开两小孔,剪切刀具从其中一孔对被测区域的材料加载直到破坏,记录加载过程中的载荷位移曲线.建立这种方法的有限元模型,根据实验的载荷位移曲线,利用反向有限元计算方法得到局部材料的真应力应变曲线.从而测定了铝合金焊接接头热影响区的塑性变形的本构特性分布.测定结果表明,在热影响区的完全固溶区,材料的屈服应力较小,而加工硬化指数较高;在过时效区屈服应力和加工硬化指数都比较低.
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