以大肠杆菌为研究对象,对纳米银的抗菌效果进行了研究.并对其抗菌机制做了初步探讨.纳米银对大肠杆菌的抑制生长曲线的结果表明,20 μg/mL的纳米银能够完全抑制106 cfu/mL的大肠杆菌细胞生长,纳米银使大肠杆菌的延滞期加长,并且纳米银浓度越高,延滞期越长.采用透射电镜观察了经纳米银粒子处理过的大肠杆菌细胞形态变化过程,结果显示纳米银粒子先在细胞壁上产生小的孔洞,通过这些孔洞进入周质空间,导致细胞膜成分渗漏和破坏细胞膜,进而进入细胞内部.进入细胞内部的纳米银粒子使DNA浓缩呈紧张态,并与破损细菌的细胞质结合积聚,最后引起胞内物质流失.另外,纳米银对大肠杆菌总DNA影响的分析表明.随着纳米银浓度的增高,大肠杆菌总DNA样品降解的程度增大.
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