根据Kirchhoff-Mindlin理论要求,多层结构面板的隔声性能要考虑到复合结构中流体层和固体层之间的整个交互作用:复杂的声波传递过程中在固体和流体层之间多次反射和系统共振,通过对隔声性能与填充在两层面板之间物质密度的关系,以及对硬质物体的组合和空气层厚度的研究,来探讨评价隔声可变因素及对空腔共振约束的隔声低谷的影响.以玻璃纤维为增强材料,环氧树脂为基体,制备复合树脂板,并设计了多层复合结构,利用混响室-静音箱法对材料隔声性能进行了测试分析.研究表明:多层玻璃纤维织物增强环氧树脂复合材料呈一定的刚性,在各频率的隔声量随着复合材料厚度的增加而增加;声音传播过程中所产生的弯曲波对柔性材料隔声性能的影响远大于对刚性材料的影响.不同颗粒填充多层介质复合材料平均隔声量随材料面密度的增加而增加,与材料面密度的指数成良好的线性相关性.
When the acoustic insulation provided by panel walls of multiplayer structure,the full interaction between the fluid (air) and the solid layers is thus taken into account and the calculation does not involve limiting the thickness of any layer,based on the Kirchhoff-Mindlin theories.Transmission of sound waves gives rise to a complex dynamic system with multiple reflections within the solid and fluid layers and the resonance of the system.The effect of the acoustic insulation is considered by attributing a complex density to the air filling the space between two wall panels.Several experiments were then performed for different combinations of wall and air layer thickness,to assess the variable factor of acoustic insulation.The glass fabric/epoxy resin composites were prepared;using epoxy as matrix,the glass fabric as reinforced materials,and the multiplayer structure panel was designed.The sound insulation property and the interior structure of the composites were analyzed by the double channel acoustic instrument,SEM,and so forth.The results show that the glass fabric/epoxy resin composites with multiplayer structure present certain rigidity,sound transmission loss at different frequency increases with the thickness of the composite material increases;flexural waves generated in the process of sound transmission have greater effects of acoustic insulation on flexible materials than rigid materials.Average sound transmission loss of the multiplayer structure panel filled with different particles increases with surface density of the composite material increases,and they form good linear relationship.
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