采用电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、吸附仪、扫描电镜等物化仪器和化学分析法,对甲醇催化剂工业使用失活前后的组成和结构进行研究.结果表明:硫杂质对甲醇催化剂组分含量影响可以达到初始浓度几百倍,硫对组分的影响主要集中在上层靠近表层的区域中,最高浓度出现在1R/6处,硫的化学形态主要以β-ZnS(立方晶系)形式存在.氯杂质对甲醇催化剂组分含量影响可以达到初始浓度十几倍,危害很大;氯的穿透能力很强,可以破坏催化剂的整个结构,并常常伴随硫氯共存的情况;氯可以使得Cu和ZnO的晶粒迅速增大,氯的化学形态主要以ZnCl_2和CuCl_2的形态存在.催化剂在使用过程中结构会发生变化,出现晶粒度长大、比表面积下降,导致活性下降和丧失.
Electron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, SEM,physical and chemical equipment such as adsorption apparatus and chemical analysis were used for the methanol industrial catalyst research of the composition and structure before and after inactivation.The results show that sulfur impurities influence on methanol content of the catalyst components can reach several hundred times the initial concentration.The major impact of sulfur on the components concentrated in the upper region near the surface, and the highest concentration appears in the 1R/6 position. The chemical forms of sulfur mainly β-ZnS (cubic) form of existence.Chlorine impurity effects on the methanol catalyst components can reach 10 times the initial concentration and has enormous harm. Strong penetration of chlorine can destroy the entire structure of the catalyst, and often accompanied by the coexistence of sulfur chloride. Chlorine can make Cu and ZnO grains rapidly increase, the chemical forms of chlorine mainly ZnCl_2 and CuCl_2 form of existence. Catalyst structure in the course of use will change,grain size grew up, specific surface area decreased, resulting in decreased activity and loss.
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